10/30/2026
As Halloween comes near, the old Scots had a name for the one who rode out across the moors on that night, and it was Nicnevin 🌕
She is one of the strangest and least known figures in Scottish folklore, a queen of witches and of the fairy host, and she first steps into the written record around 1580. The court poet Alexander Montgomerie, writing for the young James VI, wrote a famous Flyting, a contest of poetic insults, against his rival Patrick Hume of Polwarth. In it he mocks his opponent with a wild tale of a Halloween procession of the King and Queen of the Fairies, of weird sisters, and of an unlucky child handed over to Nicnevin and her company of witches. It was meant to be funny and outrageous, but it tells us something important. The audience at court already knew who Nicnevin was.
Nobody is quite sure where her name came from. It may have been a Gaelic style surname, with nic meaning daughter, and some have read it as daughter of the little saint. Others have tried to link her with an Irish war goddess or with water spirits. Scholars still argue over whether the name first belonged to a real woman or a mythical one 🍂
Centuries later Sir Walter Scott, in his Letters on Demonology and Witchcraft of 1831, gathered her up with Hecate and the other night queens of old Europe and gave her a new life as a dark Scottish Hecate. Historians have since warned that Scott blended too much together, and that Montgomerie's poem is her earliest and only truly authentic appearance. Even so, her shadow stuck. For generations of Scots she became the presence that rode out when the year turned towards winter.
You can understand why. In the old Scottish calendar Halloween was the hinge of the year, the night when the summer half ended and the dark half began, and the border between this world and the next was thought to be at its thinnest. Folk stayed close to the fire, kept the door shut and the children in, and told stories that made the wind at the window feel like hoofbeats 👻
Nicnevin is a reminder that our ancestors' imaginations were every bit as rich as their hardship was real. Did the older folk in your family have a name for whatever was said to be out on the hills on Halloween night?