05/03/2026
JIM PEPPER GAVE AMERICA ITS FIRST INDIGENOUS HIT
Jim Pepper is credited with giving Billboard Magazine its first Top 100 hit song featuring an Indigenous artist and a traditional chant with "Witchi Tai To" in 1969. As part of the jazz-rock ensemble Everything Is Everything, Kaw/Muscogee artist Jim Pepper recorded "Witchi Tai To," a song based on a traditional pe**te chant taught to him by his grandfather. It reached No. 69 on the Billboard Hot 100 in 1969.
Inducted into the Native American Music Awards Hall of Fame in 2000 with a star-studded tribute performance held by his mother Floy Pepper and partner Caren Knight Pepper along with Mickey Hart, John Densmore, Bill Miller, Jim Boyd, Joanne Shenandoah, Rita Coolidge, Jennifer Warnes and others performed a special tribute of "Witchi Tai To" as part of his induction ceremony into the Hall of Fame.
Jim Pepper’s "Witchi Tai To" has become a jazz-rock standard over the years. It spawned dozens of covers by artists as wide-ranging as The Supremes, Bill Miller, Brewer & Shipley, Harpers Bizarre, and more. It's also a rare example of an Indigenous-themed song by an Indigenous artist making its way onto the pop charts. "Witchi Tai To" came from the mind of Jim Pepper, a major figure in the 1960s fusion jazz movement, and an undervalued innovator in American music.
Redbone came later in 1974. Founded by Native American brothers Pat and Lolly Vegas, Redbone is recognized as the first Native American band to reach the Top Billboard Hot 100 with their 1974 pop hit "Come and Get Your Love," which peaked at No. 5.
"Witchi Tai To" remains the only Billboard hit song in U.S. chart history to incorporate an actual chant from an Indigenous American tribe.
Throughout his career, "Witchi Tai To" remained his signature song. He recorded multiple interpretations of the tune over the years as he explored new combinations of Native tradition and jazz experimentation. Pepper died of lymphoma at age 50 in 1992, leaving behind a trailblazing legacy in the worlds of jazz, rock, and Indigenous music.
A NAMALIVE special for Native American Music Hall of Fame